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    "headline": "Ketamine infusions show antidepressive effects in treatment-resistant bipolar depression, trial finds",
    "dek": "Four ketamine infusions reduced depression severity in treatment-resistant bipolar outpatients versus midazolam in a randomized trial.",
    "prose": "Joshua D. Rosenblat, MD, MSc, of the University Health Network in Toronto, and co-authors reported in JAMA Psychiatry that four ketamine infusions significantly reduced depression severity in 63 outpatients with treatment-resistant bipolar I or II depression compared with midazolam, with a between-group difference of -7.3 points on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (95% CI -12.0 to -2.5, P=0.003). [^1]\n\nThe clinical trial published in JAMA Psychiatry found that ketamine infusions reduced depressive symptoms for more than 35% of participants compared to fewer than 12% in the control group. [^2]\n\nThe study authors reported that response rates, defined as a greater than 50% reduction on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, were higher in the ketamine group (35.3% vs 11.8%) and remission rates, defined as MADRS scores below 13, were also higher (17.6% vs 8.8%). [^3]\n\nThe study authors wrote that ketamine was not associated with treatment-emergent mania or psychosis, and no cases of mania, hypomania, psychosis, or suicide attempts were observed in either the ketamine or midazolam group. [^4]\n\nGreg Rennie, a 61-year-old participant in a University Health Network clinical trial, reported his bipolar depression rating dropped from 8 out of 10 to 0 out of 10 after receiving ketamine infusions. [^5]\n\nKetamine treatment is not covered by most provincial health insurance in Canada, with private community clinics charging approximately $4,200 for a full cycle of six treatments. [^6]\n\nThe study found that patients' symptoms returned after they stopped the infusions, suggesting they would need maintenance sessions to keep up the antidepressant effects. [^7]",
    "cited": "[{\"statement\":\"Joshua D. Rosenblat, MD, MSc, of the University Health Network in Toronto, and co-authors reported in JAMA Psychiatry that four ketamine infusions significantly reduced depression severity in 63 outpatients with treatment-resistant bipolar I or II depression compared with midazolam, with a between-group difference of -7.3 points on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (95% CI -12.0 to -2.5, P=0.003).\",\"source\":\"MedpageToday\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T17:18:16.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"MedpageToday\"]},{\"statement\":\"The clinical trial published in JAMA Psychiatry found that ketamine infusions reduced depressive symptoms for more than 35% of participants compared to fewer than 12% in the control group.\",\"source\":\"Winnipeg Free Press\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T16:16:51.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"Winnipeg Free Press\"]},{\"statement\":\"The study authors reported that response rates, defined as a greater than 50% reduction on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, were higher in the ketamine group (35.3% vs 11.8%) and remission rates, defined as MADRS scores below 13, were also higher (17.6% vs 8.8%).\",\"source\":\"MedpageToday\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T17:18:16.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"MedpageToday\"]},{\"statement\":\"The study authors wrote that ketamine was not associated with treatment-emergent mania or psychosis, and no cases of mania, hypomania, psychosis, or suicide attempts were observed in either the ketamine or midazolam group.\",\"source\":\"MedpageToday\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T17:18:16.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"MedpageToday\"]},{\"statement\":\"Greg Rennie, a 61-year-old participant in a University Health Network clinical trial, reported his bipolar depression rating dropped from 8 out of 10 to 0 out of 10 after receiving ketamine infusions.\",\"source\":\"Winnipeg Free Press\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T16:16:51.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"Winnipeg Free Press\"]},{\"statement\":\"Ketamine treatment is not covered by most provincial health insurance in Canada, with private community clinics charging approximately $4,200 for a full cycle of six treatments.\",\"source\":\"Winnipeg Free Press\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T16:16:51.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"Winnipeg Free Press\"]},{\"statement\":\"The study found that patients' symptoms returned after they stopped the infusions, suggesting they would need maintenance sessions to keep up the antidepressant effects.\",\"source\":\"Winnipeg Free Press\",\"instrument\":\"News\",\"claim_key\":null,\"published_at\":\"2026-09-02T16:16:51.000Z\",\"publisher_count\":1,\"sources\":[\"Winnipeg Free Press\"]}]",
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